Signs of constipation
Small hard stools, repeated attempts to defecate, long periods in the box, abdominal discomfort, reduced appetite, vomiting, and lethargy can occur. Some cats pass a small amount of liquid around a hard stool mass.
Why does it happen?
Dehydration, chronic kidney disease, pelvic narrowing, pain, arthritis, neurologic disease, low activity, certain medications, and megacolon are possible contributors. Hair ingestion alone is rarely the complete explanation for persistent constipation.
How is it treated?
Treatment depends on severity and may include hydration, stool-softening medication, diet changes, enemas performed with cat-safe products, or manual removal of impacted stool under sedation or anesthesia. Some human enemas are dangerous to cats.
Preventing recurrence
Address hydration, mobility, body weight, litter-box access, diet, and underlying disease. Cats with megacolon often need a long-term medical plan and, in severe refractory cases, surgical consultation.