What triggers it?
Nasopharyngeal irritation from excitement, pulling on a leash, eating or drinking, dust, allergens, or mild upper-airway irritation can trigger episodes. Small and brachycephalic breeds are often reported more frequently.
What should I do during an episode?
Stay calm, reduce excitement, and allow the episode to pass. Gentle swallowing can help some dogs. Avoid forcefully covering the nostrils or manipulating the throat if the dog is distressed.
When is it not “just reverse sneezing”?
Persistent nasal discharge, nosebleeds, coughing, exercise intolerance, true breathing difficulty, fainting, or a major change in frequency raises concern for another airway or cardiac problem. A video helps the veterinarian see exactly what is happening.
How is it evaluated?
If episodes are atypical, the veterinarian may examine the mouth and upper airway and consider imaging, rhinoscopy, or testing for infection, foreign material, airway anatomy, or other disease depending on the case.