One Health • First Aid & Zoonosis

A stray cat scratched me. What should I do?

A scratch that breaks the skin should be cleaned immediately and assessed for infection, tetanus status, and—depending on the animal and local rabies epidemiology—rabies post-exposure management.

Veterinarian reviewedHuman-health safety guideUpdated Aug 20, 2026
First step

Wash the wound thoroughly with soap and running water for about 15 minutes. Then contact a healthcare professional or local public-health authority if rabies exposure is possible.

Why a scratch can matter for rabies

Rabies virus is primarily present in saliva. A scratch can become a concern if it breaks the skin and claws were contaminated with saliva. Risk assessment depends on the animal, exposure, local rabies activity, vaccination status, and whether the cat can be safely observed under public-health guidance.

Do not capture the cat yourself

Trying to restrain an unfamiliar cat can cause another bite or scratch. Record the location, time, appearance, and behavior of the animal and provide that information to animal-control or public-health professionals.

Tetanus and bacterial infection

A clinician should review tetanus vaccination history based on wound type and prior vaccination. Monitor for increasing redness, warmth, swelling, pain, pus, red streaks, fever, or reduced movement—especially with hand wounds.

Cat-scratch disease

Bartonella henselae can cause a small lesion followed by tender regional lymph nodes, often developing over the following days to weeks. Most exposures do not cause severe disease, but immunocompromised people require extra caution.

Human-health note: This page is general educational information. Rabies, tetanus, antibiotic, and wound-treatment decisions should be made by a physician or public-health service.